On-Road Heavy-Duty Certification Program: Evaporative/Refueling Regulations
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The certification requirements for evaporative systems installed in medium-duty and heavy-duty vehicles are contained in Title 13, California Code of Regulations (13 CCR). Petroleum-fueled diesel vehicles, compressed natural gas-fueled vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (that have sealed fuel systems which can be demonstrated to have no evaporative emissions) are exempt from evaporative requirements.
Refueling standards are contained in 13 CCR 1978.
Depending on fuel type, all medium-duty and heavy-duty vehicles are required to comply with the fill pipe and opening requirements, and refueling standards. Medium-duty and heavy-duty fill pipe and opening requirements are contained in 13 CCR 2235.
The gasoline-, ethanol-, methanol-, liquefied petroleum gas-, and natural gas-fueled vehicles described in a certification application must be divided into families expected to have similar evaporative and/or refueling emission characteristics (as applicable) throughout their useful life. Each group of vehicles with similar evaporative and/or refueling emission characteristics shall be defined as a separate evaporative/refueling family. Manufacturers shall use good engineering judgment to determine evaporative/refueling families.
Each evaporative/refueling family must be assigned a unique family name by the manufacturer, in accordance with the established EPA family naming conventions.
Evaporative Regulations And Test Procedures
The evaporative system is responsible for capturing emissions of volatile vapors during operation. The fueling system may not be completely sealed, which leads to volatile vapors escaping the vehicle. Vehicles fueled with volatile liquid fuels or gaseous fuels are subject to evaporative emission standards. Medium-duty and heavy-duty vehicles (2001 Model Year and Subsequent) shall comply with the evaporative standards contained in 13 CCR 1976.
| • Standards for Evaporative Systems | 13 CCR 1976 |
| • Labeling Requirements | 40 CFR 86.1807-01 |
Refueling California Test Procedures
All gasoline-fueled, alcohol-fueled, diesel-fueled, liquefied petroleum gas-fueled, natural gas-fueled, and hybrid electric vehicles must comply with the refueling standards contained in 13 CCR 1978. Medium-duty vehicles (2015 Model Year and Subsequent) and heavy-duty vehicles (2022 Model Year and Subsequent) shall comply with the refueling standards contained in 13 CCR 1978. Diesel-fueled vehicles and vehicles with evaporative systems may comply with alternate methods.
| 2001MY+ | California Refueling Emission Standards And Test Procedures For 2001 And Subsequent Model Year Motor Vehicle |
Fill Pipes And Opening Specifications
All gasoline or alcohol-fueled medium-duty and heavy-duty vehicles sold, offered for sale, or registered in California shall comply with the specifications for fill pipes and openings contained in 13 CCR 2235.
For more information on on-road evaporative regulations, previous rulemakings and archives, please see the Evaporative Emission Controls for On-Road Motor Vehicles webpage.