State of California

Memorandum

Date: November 1, 1996

To: Genevieve A. Shiroma, Chief
Air Resources Board
Air Quality Measurements Branch
2020 L Street
Sacramento, California 95814

From: Department of Pesticide Regulation - 1020 N Street, Room 161
                                                                               Sacramento, California 95814-5624

Subject: ADDITIONAL PESTICIDE INFORMATION

"The licensing and regulation of pesticides for sale and use in California are the responsibility of the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR). Information presented in this report regarding the permitted pesticidal uses of this compound has been collected from pesticide labels registered for use in California and from DPR's pesticide databases. This information reflects pesticide use and permitted uses in California as of October 15, 1996. For further information regarding the pesticidal uses of this compound, please contact the Pesticide Registration Branch of DPR."

You also requested references for physical properties data. These references are:

Kelley, K.C. and N.R. Reed. 1996. Pesticides for Evaluation as Candidate Toxic Air Contaminants. Report EH 96-01. Environmental Monitoring and Pest Management Branch, California Department of Pesticide Regulation, Sacramento, California.

Montgomery, J.H. 1993. Agrochemicals Desk Reference: Environmental Data. Lewis Publishers. Ann Arbor, Michigan.

If you have any questions, please contact me at (916) 324-4100, or you may contact Kevin Kelley, of my staff, at (916) 324-4187.

//S// John S. Sanders, Chief
         Environmental Monitoring and
           Pest Management Branch

Attachments

cc: Dr. Joan Denton - ARB (w/attachments)
      Kevin Kelley - DPR (w/attachments)

Table 1. Substances listed as Hazardous Air Pollutants (Title 42, section 7412 of the United States Code) which are Active Ingredients in Pesticides in California.

General Descriptions of Use and Target Pest for Substances listed in Table 1.

Acrolein is registered as an antimicrobial. It is used to control fungi and bacteria in secondary oil recovery injection systems. Acrolein is also registered as an algaecide and herbicide for control of algae and water borne weeds in lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and other aquatic areas.

Aluminum Compounds

Aluminum phosphide is registered as a insecticide . It is used to control stored product insects. It is registered for use for fumigating raw agricultural commodities, animal feed ingredients, processed foods (sugar, flour, etc.), tobacco, wood, paper, leather, human and animal hair, feathers, etc. It is also registered for vertebrate control (rats, mice, squirrels, gophers etc.) in and around mills, food processing plants, warehouses and silos, and in rail cars, ships, and shipping containers.

Aluminum Tris(O-Ethyl phosphate) (Fosetyl-Al) is registered as a fungicide. It is used for the control and prevention of plant diseases on citrus, avocado, almonds and other nut crops. It may also be applied to small fruit crops (blackberry, boysenberry), and to a variety of leafy vegetable (spinach, lettuce, collard greens) and to cole crops (cabbage, broccoli).

Ammonium sulfate is registered as an adjuvant. It is used to facilitate the application of other pesticides, and as a synthetic fly attractant.

Arsenic Compounds, Inorganic Arsenic

Arsenic Acid is registered as an insecticide. It is used as a wood preservative to prevent termite damage to wood products.

Arsenic pentoxide is registered as a fungicide and insecticide. It is used as a wood preservative to prevent fungal and insect damage to wood products.

Arsenic trioxide is registered as an insecticide. It is used in ant stakes to control ants in and around buildings, household dwellings, gardens, and around ornamental trees and bushes.

Barium and Barium Compounds

Barium metaborate is registered as a fungicide. It is used as a preservative in latex paints.

Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (Dioctyl-phthlate) is registered as an adjuvant. It is used to facilitate the application of other agricultural products.

n-Butyl alcohol (butyl-alcohol) is registered as an adjuvant. It is used to facilitate the application of other agricultural products.

Captan is registered as a fungicide. It is used to prevent and control fungal diseases. Captan is registered for soil applications prior to planting, as a seed treatment on a variety of crops, and as a pre-plant root dip on peaches, azaleas, rhododendrons and many other ornamental shrubs and trees. It is registered for use on citrus, stone and pome fruits, strawberries, grapes, roses, ornamental plants and turf.

Carbaryl is registered as an insecticide. It is applied agriculturally for the control of insects in orchards, vineyards, and on vegetable, rice, cotton, and tomato fields. It is also registered for myriad other uses in and around homes, for the control of garden, turf, and household insects, spiders, centipedes and other miscellaneous arthropods. It is registered for the control of fleas and ticks and is available as dust spray or collars for cats and dogs. It is also registered for use as a bait for a variety of garden pests.

Chlorine is registered for use as a disinfectant. Chlorine is used as a post-harvest disinfectant for fruits and vegetables, or as a disinfectant in human drinking water treatment systems, swimming pool water systems, industrial ponds and sewage systems. Chlorine may also be used as an algaecide in commercial and industrial water cooling tower systems.

Chlorine dioxide is registered as a bactericide, fungicide and algaecide. It is used to disinfect human drinking water systems, commercial water cooling tower systems, and metal cutting fluids. It may also be used to disinfect dairy farm animals and milking equipment, in eating establishments and food processing/handling areas and around the house.

Chromium Compounds.

Chromic acid is registered as a fungicide and insecticide. It is used for wood and lumber protection treatments. It may also be used to treat lumber used for pilings for the control of aquatic organisms.

Sodium dichromate is registered as an insecticide. It is used as a wood preservative to prevent termite damage to wood products.

Copper compounds are registered as algaecides, molluscicides and as antifoulants.

Copper chloride (basic) is registered as a fungicide. It is used on a variety of fruit, vegetable, and ornamental plants for the prevention of fungal and bacterial diseases.

Metallic copper is registered for use in antifoulant paints for application to ships and boats for the control of barnacles and other aquatic organisms.

Copper sulfate (basic, anhydrous, and pentahydrate) is registered as a fungicide. It is used on a variety of fruit, vegetable, and ornamental plants for the prevention of fungal and bacterial diseases.

Creosote is registered as a fungicide, insecticide, and repellent. It is used to as a wood preservative to prevent fungal and insect damage to wood products. It is also applied as a paint or as a pressure treatment.

m-Cresol is registered as a fungicide for the control of bacteria and fungi on a variety of ornamental plants, on nut trees, on certain stone fruits, grapes and olives.

Cyanide Compounds

Copper thiocyanate (cuprous thiocyanate) is registered for use in antifoulant paints for application to ships and boats for the control of aquatic organisms.

Sodium cyanide is registered as an insecticide. It is used for the control of stored product insects. It is also registered for rangeland applications for the control of vertebrate predators.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) salts and esters are registered as herbicides. They are used for control of annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf weeds in a variety of agricultural, park land, golf course and other ornamental turf related situations. It is registered for use by homeowners for control of weeds in lawns and in and around gardens, and for the control of poison oak around residences. 2,4-D salts and esters are registered for the control of aquatic weeds, and they are used in silviculture and conservation reserve program areas for the management of deciduous broadleaf shrubs and trees to allow the emergence of coniferous trees.

1,3-Dichloropropene (Telone) is registered as a biocide/soil fumigant. It is used for pre-plant soil sterilization for control of soil-borne fungi, insects, and nematodes. It is applied to fallow agricultural land prior to planting a variety of crops. Telone is also applied in orchards and vineyards as a spot treatment prior to re-planting trees and vines.

1,4-Dichlorobenzene (para-Dichlorobenzene) is registered as an insecticide. It is used for the control lice and ticks in and around bird cages, for moth-and beetle-proofing in household dwellings and in museums for the protection of insect, plant and stuffed animal collections.

Dichlorvos (DDVP) is registered as an wide-spectrum insecticide for the control of insects, spiders, and ticks. It is registered as a fumigant for the control of stored product insects in storage facilities, silos, shipping containers, and other areas. It is registered as an insecticide for use on ornamental lawns, in and around residences, food processing plants, eating establishments, and commercial and industrial buildings. It is also registered for insect control in horse stables, barns, and milking stalls. It is also formulated as flea collars for dogs and cats, and as ear tags for beef and dairy cattle, and other livestock.

Dicofol is registered as an acaricide. It is used for the control of mites in agricultural situations, and may be applied to a variety of fruit, vegetable, nut, and fiber (cotton) crops. It may also be applied to ornamental flowers, shrubs and trees, to lawns and used in nurseries.

Ethylene oxide is registered as an antimicrobial disinfectant and is active against a wide variety of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Ethylene oxide is used for the sterilization of surgical instruments and equipment in hospitals and veterinary institutions, and for the sterilization of equipment in food handling and food processing plants.

Formaldehyde is registered as an antimicrobial. It is used for disinfecting animal premises, in chicken and other poultry handling facilities, for cleaning and sterilizing poultry cages, and as an egg dip. Formaldehyde is registered as a bactericide and used for disinfecting oil drilling muds, secondary oil recovery water systems, and ore processing water systems. Formaldehyde is also registered as antimicrobial, bactericide and fungicide for control of bacteria and fungi on critical and semi-critical hospital equipment, floors, walls, and other hospital areas.

Glutaraldehyde is registered as an antimicrobial and as a bactericide, a fungicide and a virucide. It is used to sterilize and disinfect hospital and veterinary equipment, and to disinfect surfaces in hospitals, veterinary hospitals, nursing homes, and food processing plants. Glutaraldehyde is used for disinfecting oil drilling muds, secondary oil recovery water systems, and ore processing water systems, It is also used to prevent bacterial growth in air washer water supplies, water washer cooler systems, industrial, commercial and logging ponds, and in pulp/paper mill water systems.

Glycol Ethers

Ethyleneglycol monobutylether (2-Butoxythanol) is registered as an adjuvant. It is used to facilitate the application of other agricultural products.

Hydrochloric acid (hydrogen chloride, HCl) is registered as an adjuvant. It is used to maintain pH balance in swimming pools, spas, etc. It is also registered as an antimicrobial, a bactericide, a fungicide and a virucide. HCl is used as a general antimicrobial to disinfect bathrooms, kitchens and food preparation areas, and other areas in commercial and industrial buildings, in hospitals, in nursing homes and in and around household dwellings.

Isopropyl Alcohol is registered as an antimicrobial, bactericide, fungicide, and virucide. It is used for sterilizing and disinfecting surfaces in hospitals, dairy farms, food processing plants, eating establishments and in household dwellings. Isopropyl alcohol is also registered for use as a topical disinfectant in animal areas in and around the house, in veterinary institutions, farm structures, poultry areas and in hatcheries and zoo animal premises. It is registered for use in barbershops for cleaning hair cutting and styling instruments and equipment. Isopropyl alcohol is also registered as an adjuvant, used to facillitate pesticide applications in agricultural settings, and as an adjuvant in industrial water washer, cooler and condenser systems.

Lindane is registered as an insecticide/acaracide. It is used for the control of lice, fleas, ticks, and mange in barns and in and around other farm or agricultural structures. It may also be used by professional pet care personnel for control of fleas and ticks on dogs. Agriculturally, lindane is registered for use as a seed treatment for a wide variety of crops to control moths, beetle and flies, and to deter birds. Lindane may be applied by the home gardener for control of fleas and ticks on dogs and in areas occupied by dogs. It is also used to control boring and leaf mining insects on apples cherries, peaches, azaleas, rhododendrons, and a variety of shrubs and trees. It may be applied as a foliar spray or as a soil drench under these plants.

Manganese compounds.

Mancozeb (Manganese ethylene bis dithiocarbamate, zinc salt) is registered as a fungicide. It is used for the prevention and control of agricultural plant diseases on a variety of fruit vegetable and fiber (cotton) crops. It is also registered for use as a seed treatment.

Maneb (Manganese ethylene bis [dithiocarbamate]) is registered as a fungicide. It is used for the prevention and control of agricultural plant diseases on a variety of fruit vegetable and fiber (cotton) crops. It is also registered for disease prevention and control in nurseries for application to ornamental grasses, flowers, shrubs and trees.

Manganese sulfate is registered as an adjuvant/nutrient. It is used on a variety of fruit (citrus, stone, and pome fruit), and leafy and fruiting vegetables.

Methyl alcohol is registered as an adjuvant for agricultural use. It is used to facilitate the application of other agricultural products.

Methoxychlor is registered as an insecticide. It is used for fly control on horses and in and around barns and stalls. It is also registered for the control of aphids, beetles, moths, and flies on fruit trees and on grapes and strawberries.

Methyl bromide is registered as a fumigant. It is used for pre-plant soil sterilization, for the control of soil-borne fungi, insects, and nematodes, for controlling miscellaneous arthropods (sow-bugs, spiders, millipedes), annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf weeds, in a variety of pre-plant agricultural settings. It is also registered as a fumigant/insecticide for sterilization of fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, ornamental plants, storage tanks and areas, food processing plants, and dried fruit producing plants.

Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is registered as a fungicide. It is used to prevent fungal diseases of ornamental grasses, lawns flowers, shrubs and gardens. Agriculturally, PCNB is used as a seed protectant for cotton and grain seeds.

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is registered as a fungicide and insecticide. PCP is applied to seasoned and unseasoned lumber for wood protection.

Peracetic acid (Peroxyacetic acid) is registered as an antimicrobial, disinfectant and bactericide for disinfecting food processing water systems, farm and agricultural structures and equipment, and egg handling areas and equipment. It may be used as a surface disinfectant in hospitals, veterinary hospitals, and food processing plants.

2-Phenylphenol (ortho-phenylphenol) is registered as a disinfectant, bactericide, and virucide. It is registered for agricultural uses for disinfecting fruits vegetables and eggs. 2-Phenylphenol is registered for use as a general surface disinfectant in hospitals, nursing homes, veterinary hospitals, poultry farms, dairy farms, and food processing plants. It is also used to sterilize hospital and veterinary equipment. It is registered for use on hospital, veterinary, for disinfecting nursing home and commercial laundry, and in barbershops.

Phosphoric acid is registered as a bactericide and disinfectant. It is used to disinfect dairy farm milk handling facilities, equipment and dairy animals, and food processing water systems. It is also used to disinfect food processing/handling areas, kitchens, and bathrooms. It may also be used in eating establishments for sterilizing equipment and utensils. Agriculturally, phosphoric acid is registered as an adjuvant.

Phosphorous is registered as a vertebrate control agent. It is used for the control of rodents, where they have become a pest problem.

Propoxur is registered as an insecticide for the control of insects, spiders, ticks, and other miscellaneous arthropods. It is the active ingredient in a variety of products for use on a variety of sites. It is used for direct application to the pest organism, as in the case of the wasp-bee-hornet products. Propoxur is registered for use in and around farm animal areas, pet areas, eating establishments food marketing and food preparation/handling areas, and anywhere that ants or roaches is a problem. It is also incorporated into flea collars.

Propylene oxide is registered as a bactericide, fungicide and insecticide. It is used for post harvest fumigation of fruit and nut crops, flavoring and spice crops, and processed food and feed. It is for use in airtight sterilization chambers.

Silver (metallic silver) is registered as an algaecide for use in swimming pool water systems. It is also used in ceramic water filtering systems to prevent the growth of bacteria.

Sodium hydroxide is registered as an adjuvant for agricultural use, and as an algaecide for use in industrial waste disposal systems and sewage systems.

Sulfuric Acid is registered as an adjuvant for pH maintenance in swimming pool and spa water systems. It is also registered as an antimicrobial and bactericide for the control of bacteria in food processing water systems. Sulfuric acid is also registered for use as a disinfectant for cleaning surfaces and equipment in dairy farm milk handling areas, and food handling plants/areas.

Trifluralin is registered as an herbicide. It is available as an inpregnated material, and is used as a weed barrier around underground pipes and cables, beneath sidewalks and bike paths, and beneath roadways, curbs and building foundations. Trifluralin as a granular, an emulsifiable concentrate, microencapsulated formula, may be used as a pre-plant/pre-emergence herbicide in a variety of agricultural settings for the control of annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf weeds. Trifluralin is also registered for use by the general public for the control of weeds in and around gardens, lawns, and residences.

Xylene is registered as an insecticide. Only one product containing xylene is still registered although use of this product has been suspended since 1993. It was registered for use on fruit, vegetable and grain crops, on ornamental lawns, gardens and plants. It may be applied to dogs, and animal dwellings as well as around houses and farm buildings.

Zinc Compounds

Zinc (metallic zinc) is a very minor component of a fungicide product composed of mancozeb, cymoxanil, and manganese sulfate. It is registered for use (under an emergency exemption) on tomatoes and potatoes to control late blight.

Zinc Chloride is registered as an herbicide. It is used to control lichen and moss growing on the roofs of houses and other domestic dwellings, along walks, driveways, and fences, and wherever moss grows.

Zinc phosphide is registered as a rodenticide for the control of mice, rats, gophers, squirrels, and other pestiferous rodents. Application sites include ornamental turf areas and golf courses, and in and around nurseries, farm structures, silos, and grain storage areas. Zinc phosphide may also be applied in orchards and other general agricultural areas where rodents are pests.

Ziram (Zinc dimethyl dithio carbamarte) is registered as a fungicide. It is used for the prevention and control of agricultural plant diseases in grapes and tomatoes, and in nut orchards, stone fruit orchards, and pome fruit orchards. It may also be used to control plant diseases on a variety of ornamental plants including roses, azaleas, pines, carnations, bulb plants etc.

Table 2. Substances listed as Hazardous Air Pollutants (Title 42, section 7412 of the United States Code) which were but are no longer active ingredients in pesticides in California, and the date of their last registration as an active ingredient.

Table 3. Substances listed as Hazardous Air Pollutants (Title 42, section 7412 of the United States Code) which have never been registered as active ingredients in pesticide products in California.

¹ The following substances are implied (in the draft document) to have been registered as active ingredients in pesticide products in California. These substances have never been registered as pesticidal active ingredients in California.