• Passenger locomotives propel passenger cars to move people, not freight.
• Passenger locomotives use head‑end power for functions such as heating, lighting, and air conditioning.
  • Head‑end power may be supplied by the primary engine or a separate diesel generator.
• Travel routes range from short, local commuter distances to long, cross‑country trips.

• Passenger operators in California include:
  • Metrolink
  • Caltrain
  • Amtrak
    • Pacific Surfliner
    • Capital Corridor
    • San Joaquins
  • Altamont Commuter Express
  • North Coast Transit District

Passenger Locomotives by Tier (2022)

¹Some passenger operators use zero‑emission multiple units. Multiple units linked self‑powered cars controlled from a single location. Multiple units do not meet CARB’s definition of “locomotive”.

Passenger Operations and Locomotive Technology

• Passenger operators have adopted cleaner locomotive technology fastest of all California locomotive operators.
• Passenger locomotives are well‑suited to zero‑emission (ZE) operation.
  • Passenger locomotives run on set routes with regular station stops.
  • Passenger locomotive operators could give critical support to emerging ZE technologies through pilots and demonstrations.
• Some passenger locomotive operators already use ZE technology.
  • Many of these operators use individually‑powered passenger multiple units.
• Passenger locomotives can plug into the power grid with proper infrastructure.
  • Plugging in will allow a passenger train to run air conditioning, lighting, and other electrical systems with zero emissions.

Incentive Funding

CARB offers funding assistance to operators interested in Tier 4 or ZE locomotives. This includes remanufacturing and new purchases. Visit the CARB incentives webpage (//ww2.arb.ca.gov/our-work/programs/reducing-rail-emissions-california/carb-incentives-locomotives) for more information.